Which disinfection method utilizes ultraviolet light?

Ultraviolet radiation is a disinfection method that effectively uses UV light to inactivate microorganisms in water. This process works by exposing pathogens to UV light, which disrupts their DNA or RNA, rendering them unable to replicate and thus effectively killing or inactivating them.

This method is beneficial because it does not leave residual chemicals in the water, making it a preferred choice in many wastewater treatment applications for meeting disinfection requirements without adding chemical substances. Additionally, UV disinfection is effective against a wide range of pathogens, including bacteria, viruses, and protozoa.

In contrast, chlorination involves the addition of chlorine, which is a chemical disinfection method rather than a physical one. Ozonation uses ozone gas as a powerful oxidizing agent, which is also a chemical process. Heat treatment relies on elevated temperatures to kill pathogens, which, while effective, is not as widely used for large volumes of liquid treatment due to energy costs and practicality. Thus, the single method utilizing ultraviolet light uniquely stands apart due to its efficiency and safety features in wastewater treatment.