Which process follows primary treatment in wastewater management?

The process that follows primary treatment in wastewater management is secondary treatment. Primary treatment primarily focuses on the removal of solids from wastewater through physical means, such as sedimentation and screening. Once this initial sedimentation process is completed, the wastewater still contains a significant amount of dissolved organic matter and pathogens, which is where secondary treatment comes into play.

Secondary treatment aims to further remove these organic materials and reduce the biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) of the wastewater. This is typically achieved through biological processes, where microorganisms are used to decompose organic matter. Common methods employed include activated sludge systems and trickling filters, which provide the environment needed for bacteria and other microorganisms to thrive and break down the organic pollutants.

Understanding the sequence of wastewater treatment processes is essential in designing effective treatment systems that protect human health and the environment, ensuring that the effluent meets regulatory standards before being discharged or reused.